Efficient Mail Queue Management Clearing All Messages in Exim with Ease (Updated August 2024)

In many time you are facing problem in administering the Email server of FreeBSD.
some of these problem is the stuck when the system boot as example mount root.

You will bump into a FreeBSD prompt if your system failed to correctly mount your root device. This normally happens when you modify your hardware and the disk configuration changes.

It's actually very simple to solve this situation and to get your system up and running again. If you're not familiar with the mount command then this a great time to familiarize yourself. You can read the man page at http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mount&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+6.2-RELEASE&format=html.

Solving the problem. When you get the prompt, the dmesg info displayed right above it will pretty much tell you all that you need to know.

First, the message will probably be something like it 'couldn't mount root from ufs:/dev/ad8s1a' (or whatever your disk was). And above it, you should see your new disks set up (i.e. ad0 19877 Seagate, ad1 19871 Maxtor, etc). You should be able to recognize your old drive by HD size+brand or some other subtle difference (here we will assume that your drive became ad0 from ad8).

At the prompt you can type '?' to get a list of devices which should also display 'ad0s1a'. And that's what we are looking for. Then type (you'll be taken to single-user mode so that you can fix the rest)
ufs:/dev/ad0s1a

In single-user mode, you can look at your current fstab file where the mount devices are specified.
# cat /etc/fstab

Then mount your /var, /tmp, /usr just like in your fstab but changing the disk number
# mount -t ufs /dev/ad0s1d /var
# mount -t ufs /dev/ad0s1e /tmp
# mount -t ufs /dev/ad0s1f /usr

You can confirm your mounts by typing either of these two commands:
# df
# mount -p

Make root writable so that you can update fstab
# mount -uw /

Update fstab with the correct disk IDs.
# vi /etc/fstab
Save it and reboot

Welcome back to your system